Telephone



(No Model.)

. G. P. PAYNE.

TELEPHONE.

No. 600,990. Patented Mar. 22, 1898.

Q Q/ L f Q i I Inventor.

Witrvxesses. 7( E sf MK/TTL 7* 7 Qzm.; JTCJMQW,

' UNITED f STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE F. PAYN OE, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TELEPHONE'.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,990, dated March22, 1898. Application filed-August 21, 1897. Serial No.`64=8,983. (Nomodel.)

T0 ctZZ whom t my concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. PAYNE, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the Stateof Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inTelephones, of which the following is a true and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying' drawings, which form a partthereof.

My invention relates to the construction of telephone-transmitters, andhas for its object to increase the amplitude of the electricalundulations or vibrations, and more especially to produce electricalundulations which will be in more perfect accord with the sonorousvibrations which actuate the diaphragm than has heretofore beenpracticable, the result being to produce a transmitter capable oftransmitting a telephonie currentl through great resistance andimpedance von the line and consequently to great distance.

Generally speaking, my invention consists in providing two relativelycentral electrodefaces (preferably secured together as oneelectrode-button) and two relatively lateral electrodefaces,making onepair stationaryand securing the other pair firmly to the diaphragm, soas to vibrate with it and move in each vibration synchronously towardone and away from the other fixed-electrode face, granular carbon beingplaced between each opposite pair of fixed and movableelectrodes, andthe pressure on the granular-carbon bodies being simultaneously varied,one beingcompressed as the other is relieved of pressure. In theconstruction shown the outer lateral elec-V trodes are stationary andthe central electrodes, or electrode with two faces, is attached to andmoves with the diaphragm, and the stationary electrodes are adjustableboth together and independently with respect to the movable-electrodefaces, and, as shown, the two lateral electrodes are connected with twobranches, while the central electrode-button is connected to the thirdbranch of a threewire primary circuit, the central branch having init'an induction-coil in Vproper relation to the coil of the secondarycircuit. While any substantially rigid connection between the diaphragmand the moving electrode will give good results, in my transmitter I ndthat a direct connection in a straight line from diaphragm to electrodeis by far the best and that it is important that the connection shouldbe light and that its weight and that of the electrode should not bepermitted to support itself on the diaphragm, but should beindependently supported, so that it shall not tend to distort thediaphragm; but the support must be one which will not offer appreciablefrictional resistance to the movement of the electrode. l

. Other features of my invention by which the efficiency of thetransmitter is greatly promoted will be best understood as described inconnection with the drawings, in which my invention is illustrated inwhat I believe to be its best form, and in which- Figure l is a sideview of my transmitter; Fig. 2, a central longitudinal sectiontherethrough; Eig. 3, a cross-section on the line l l of Fig. 2, andFig. 4 an enlarged and partly-sectional View of the electrodes andconnected parts.

A is the diaphragm, to which is secured the threaded stud A',preferably, as shown, by being cemented or otherwise attached to itsinner'face, the formation of a hole in the diaphragm being avoided. Intothis stud screws the end B' of a light metal rod B, which is coveredwith a non-conducting jacket (indicated at M) and which is best made ofa light hard-rubber tube extending between a button L and thecarbon-face D', hereinafter described.

To the outer end of the rod (l is attached the hub of a metal (brass)disk O',-a similar disk()2 screwing into the hub, as shown, and a lightfelt washer E being clamped betweenthe disks C and C2, so as to projectbeyond their edges and fit into the carbon-box to be hereinafterdescribed.

IOO

to the slide F and having a nut, in which screws the threaded rod I,said rod having bearings in the lugs G3 and G4 of the frame G, and athumb-wheel I', by which it is turned to move the slide backward orforward on frame G.

,I is a box preferably made, as shown, of a hard-rubber bleek having acylindrical hole bored or cast through it, the ends of the hole beingclosed by plugs K K, secured in place by screws 7s.

N is an externally-threaded hollow rod having bearings in the arm F3 ofthe slide and in a central perforation formed through a plug K and ahubextension thereof, (indicated at K'.) On the end of this rod is securedthe brass disk O, faced with carbon D2 and perforated to give passage torod and tube B M, which, it will be seen, pass through the rod N withouttouching it. Their weight and that of the movable electrode areprevented from. distorting the diaphragm A by being supported on the boxthrough the washer E. A felt washer E' is secured on the back of disk O,most conveniently as shown by means of a disk O', also secured to rod N,0 indicating a steady-pin which enters a perforation 7o' in head K andprevents the electrode and the threaded rod Nfrom turning. The otherstationary electrode is made up in substantially the same way and issecured to a threaded rod N', having its bearings in the arm F2 of theslide and the other plug K g but obviously the rod N' need not behollow, and the plate O and its carbon facing in this electrode are notperforated. The three electrodes lie parallel to each other in the boxJ, their washers E and E' E' fitting into the box, so that granularcarbon placed in the box between the movable and iixed electrodes fillbe separated and so that the carbon will not spread out behind thewashers E of the fixed electrodes.

P P are gear-wheels having threaded hubs screwing upon the rods N andN', the wheels being fitted between the hubs K' of plugs K and the armsF2 and F3 of the slide. By turning these wheels the rods N and N' aremade to move in or out and adjust the stationary carbons with referenceto the movable one. Preferably the rods N and N' are threaded inopposite directions and the two gears P P actuated simultaneously by therod O', having the gears Q Q, attached to it and turned by thethumb-wheel Q2.

F is the battery of the primary circuit, from which extend three wiresS, S', and S2, connected, respectively, with inner and outer stationaryelectrodes and with the movable electrode.

U indicates an induction-coil in the wire S2, and U' a eoaeting coil inthe secondary cireuit V V.

Of course my construction can be modified in many ways without departurefrom my invention, and it will be understood that I do not restrictmyself to speeiiic forms and constructions shown, except where they arespeeiiically referred to in my claims.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a telephone-transmitter, the combination of two relatively centraland two relatively lateral electrode-faces, one pair being movable andone rigid in the supportingframe, granular conducting material situatedbetween the adjacent central and lateral electrode-faces, a diaphragmand a positive eonneetion between the two movable electrodefaces wherebythey are moved synchron ously with the diaphragm and so as tosimultaneously relax the pressure on one mass of granular material andincrease it on the other mass.

2. In atelephonetrans1nitter, the combinaltion of two relatively centraland relatively lateral electrode-faces, one pair being movable and onerigid in the supporting-frame, granular conducting material situatedbetween the adjacent central and lateral electrede-faces, a diaphragm, apositive connection between the diaphragm and the two movableeleetrode-faees whereby they are moved synchronously with the diaphragmand so as to simultaneously relax the pressure on the mass of granularmaterial and increase it on the other mass and means for adjusting thestationary electrodes with respect to the movable electrodes.

3. In a telephone-transmitter the combination with two electrodes rigidwith respect to the diaphragm of a third electrode having twocarbon-faces both iirmly secured to the diaphragm so as to move back andforward with it, said electrode being situated between the stationaryelectrodes, and granular carbon situated between the moving and each ofthe stationary electrodes.

a. In a telephone-transmitter the combination with two electrodes rigidwith respect to the diaphragm of a third electrode having thecarbon-faces both firmly secured to the diaphragm so as to move back andforward with it, said electrode being situated between the stationaryelectrodes, granular carbon situated between the moving and each of thestationary electrodes and means for adjusting each of the stationaryelectrodes to and from the moving electrode.

5. In a telephonetransmitter, the combination with the diaphragm of aperforated electrode adjacent thereto, a rod extending from thediaphragm through and movable in the perforated electrode, an electrodesecured to said rod and granular conducting material situated betweenthe electrodes.

G. In a telephone-transmitter the combination of an electrode-box as J,one or more fixed electrodes situated therein, one or more movableelectrodes also situated in said box and secured to the diaphragm and anelastic washer extending out from the periphery of lOO IIO

the movable electrode or electrodes and serving at once to support thesame and to form partitions in the box.

7. In a telephone-transmitter the combination with two electrodesstationary with respect to the diaphragm of a third electroder securedto the'diaphragm so as to move back and forward with it and situatedbetween the stationary electrodes, granular carbon situated between themoving and each of the staand forward with it and situated between thestationary electrodes, granular carbon situated between the moving andeach of the stationary electrodes, means for adjusting each of thestationary electrodes to and from the moving electrode and means forsimultaneously adjusting the two stationary electrodes longitudinally.

9. In a telephone-transmitter the combination of an electrode-box as Jadapted to conf tain granular carbon, two stationary electrodes, amoving electrode situated between the stationary electrodes and attachedto the diaphragm and a light washer secured to the moving electrode andadapted to form aparttion in the box to prevent the mixing of the carbonon its two faces.

lO. In a telephone-transmitter the combination of an electrode-box as Jadapted to contain granular carbon, two stationary electrodes, a movingelectrode situated between the stationary electrodes and attached to thediaphragm, a light washer secured to the moving electrode and adapted toform a partition in the box to prevent the mixing of the carbon'on itstwo faces and similar washers attached `to the two stationary electrodesand acting to hold the carbon to the front thereof.

ll. In a telephone-transmitter the combination of an electrode-box as Jadaptedto con` trodes and granular carbon contained in the box andsituated between the moving and the stationary electrodes.

l2. In a telephone-transmitter the combination of an electrode-box as Jadapted to contain granular carbon, two stationary electrodes eachindependently adjustable in the box, a moving electrode attached to andmoving with the diaphragm, said electrode being situated in the boxbetween the stationary electrodes and granular carbon containedin thebox and situated between the moving and the stationary electrodes.

l13; In a telephone-transmitter the combination of an electrode-box as Jadapted to contain granular carbon, two stationary electrodes eachindependently adjustable in the box and both adjustable with the box, amoving electrode attached to and moving with the diaphragm saidelectrode being situated in the box between the stationary electrodesand granular carbon contained in the box and situated between the movingand the stationary electrodes.

14. In a telephone-transmitter the combination of two stationaryelectrodes situated direotlyin line with the diaphragm and the onenearest said diaphragm having a perforation formed through it with a rodattached to the diaphragm and extending directly therefrom through theperforated electrode and a moving electrode situated between thestationary electrode and secured to the rod aforesaid and granularcarbon situated between the moving and stationary electrodes.

l5. In a telephone-transmitter the combination of two stationaryelectrodes situated di- GEO. F. PAYNE.

Witnesses:

EDGAR W. LANK, D. STEWART.

